


LSTM networks to predict PV output based on weather data, global radiation, and historical patterns with an accuracy of >95% for 24h in advance.CNN-based image analysis (satellite images, drone data) for automatic detection of shading and optimization of string interconnection; reduces yield losses by up to 15%.Random Forests algorithms analyze current-voltage curves of modules and inverters to detect hot spots, degradation, and cable breaks, enabling predictive maintenance with 90% reliability.RNN models for a prediction accuracy of >90% for 48h, facilitating grid integration.RL) agents optimize blade angles (pitch) and nacelle orientation (yaw) in real time to achieve maximum yields with minimal mechanical stress and extend component lifespan by up to 10%.XGBoost for early detection of bearing damage or cracks, reducing unplanned downtime by 25%.Kalman filters and Neural Networks for highly precise prediction of the State of Charge (SoC) and State of Health (SoH) of battery cells, with a fault tolerance of less than 1%.Dynamic Programming, Model Predictive Control) control charging and discharging taking into account weather forecasts, load profiles, and electricity prices, which extends battery life by 15-20%.MPC strategies coordinate PV, wind, and storage at district and grid level to ensure grid stability and keep frequency deviation below 50 mHz.GNNs (Graph Neural Networks) to detect bottlenecks and provide balancing power within <100 ms through Virtual Power Plants (VPP).LSTM networks and Transformer models (e.g., with PyTorch Forecasting) for precise power and load forecasts. These achieve a Mean Absolute Error (MAE) typically <3% for short-term forecasts.Isolation Forests and One-Class SVMs for detecting faults in PV systems or wind turbines. This leads to a reduction in the false alarm rate to <5%.Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) such as YOLO or ResNet (implemented in TensorFlow or PyTorch) for analyzing drone and satellite images for shading, degradation, or bird nests.OpenWeatherMap, NOAA) and satellite-based radiation data.Apache Kafka for a highly scalable, fault-tolerant messaging system capable of processing data streams of several terabytes per day. Apache Flink or Spark Streaming are used for real-time analysis and feature extraction, with an end-to-end latency of <200 ms.AWS (Amazon Web Services), Microsoft Azure, or Google Cloud Platform. Use of services like AWS S3 for object storage, AWS Lambda or Azure Functions for serverless computing, and Kubernetes for container orchestration.NVIDIA Jetson, Raspberry Pi with specialized TPUs or FPGAs) directly at the plant for local preprocessing, data filtering, and execution of time-critical AI models with latencies in the millisecond range. This reduces bandwidth requirements and increases operational reliability.Modbus, OPC UA, or MQTT. Use of RESTful APIs for data integration into ERP/CRM systems.Measurable Efficiency Gains: Concrete Results from PracticeThe use of AI leads to significant and quantifiable improvements in the performance, economic viability, and sustainability of renewable energy systems, evidenced by case studies and ROI analyses:
